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Sometimes, when you first come into contact with dispersants, you may not have a good understanding of the selection, which can lead to various problems with the product. In fact, it is necessary to first select a suitable range of dispersants based on the system properties, and choose the type and quantity of anchoring groups according to the type and requirements of pigments used. It is also necessary to decide how to choose dispersants based on the formula design plan, such as the size of the slurry; Mixed color grinding or single color grinding; Universal color paste or color paste, with or without resin grinding; Then different types of dispersants need to be used.
For example, when using polymer based dispersants, it is also important to note that the dispersant must be compatible with the resin base material. If the compatibility is poor, the chain segments of the dispersant will entangle, making it difficult for the anchoring group to adsorb onto the surface of the pigment, and the steric hindrance will be lost, resulting in poor dispersion and stability of the pigment. When testing the compatibility between dispersant and resin, take a transparent container, mix 8 parts of resin with 2 parts of additives, mix them evenly with manual stirring (or add a proper amount of solvent), and observe whether the mixed solution is clear and transparent, and whether it is gel; Spread the mixture evenly on the polyester plastic film, self dry or dry to observe the transparency of the paint film. When selecting dispersants, the author rarely encountered examples of poor compatibility and good dispersion effects in polymer dispersants.
Process of adding dispersants to pigment paste
When preliminary screening dispersants, it is also important to pay attention to whether there is reactivity between the dispersant and the resin, which is often overlooked. Some dispersants, such as polymer amide dispersants, will react with certain resins, such as epoxy resins, thereby affecting the storage stability of the color paste. Dispersant A and wetting dispersant B both react with epoxy resin, resulting in a color change from light yellow to dark blue. Dispersants C and D even solidified with epoxy resin and lost fluidity.
There are several simple methods to preliminarily determine the performance of dispersants in the system, such as using gravity sedimentation method to screen dispersants, and simply high stirring the dilute solution of pigments, dispersants, and resins to observe the sedimentation rate and suspension situation; A dispersant with slower settling may be more suitable.
The viscosity reducing ability testing method is to measure the viscosity reduction of the same pigment resin slurry after high-speed stirring with different dispersants. The viscosity is measured every time it is added, and the lower the viscosity, the more suitable the dispersant may be (except for controlled flocculation dispersants).
The Daniel flow method was used to preliminarily screen dispersants, and the dispersant with a smaller wet flow point difference is more suitable.